How the Biden Administration Will Navigate High Skilled Immigration Policy
Key Takeaways:
- President-elect Joe Biden has a long
list of immigration agenda items, focused in large part on reversing the 400 restrictive actions that President Trump put in place over the past four years.
- Biden will immediately send legislation to Congress, but a Republican Senate and a closely divided House will make it difficult to advance his agenda through the legislative branch.
- Business immigration issues will take a back seat to asylum reform, restoration of the U.S. refugee program, and an overhaul of the U.S. immigration enforcement system.
- COVID-19 consular disruptions and delays, and budget concerns in the immigration agencies, will continue into 2021. Even if Biden lifts the physical presence based travel bans and/or the work visa ban, companies should expect delays and backlogs both at the consulates and at DHS.
- Litigation that began under the Trump administration will continue into Biden’s presidency. Anti-immigration groups will also bring new lawsuits challenging Biden’s actions.
- In its remaining months, the Trump administration will continue to push forward on its H-1B overhaul and may seek to eliminate H-4 work authorization and restrict OPT and L-1 visas.
Who will fill leadership roles in a Biden administration?
Personnel is policy. The Biden transition
team draws heavily from political appointees who served under President Obama. The Biden administration will need to fill over 4,000 positions, including hundreds of Senate-confirmed roles. Those individuals will dictate the Biden administration’s priorities and its approach to business immigration.
Biden Administration: What are the incoming administration’s top priorities?
The Trump administration has made more than 400 immigration policy
changes, many of which affect humanitarian programs and violate the country’s obligations under international law. The Biden administration’s top priorities will be to reverse as many of these actions as possible administratively. Biden has promised to take the following actions in the first 100 days of his presidency:
- Reinstate Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) protections
- End the Muslim travel ban
- Reverse Trump asylum border polices and address family separations
- Rescind the public charge regulation
- Restore pre-Trump immigration enforcement guidelines
What actions will the Biden administration take on business immigration?
Foreign Students
The Trump administration has made every effort to restrict the entry of foreign students to the U.S. Biden will seek to reverse or modify those policies, including the regulation that would limit the duration of status of foreign students. One area where we expect continued focus will be the entry of Chinese students where there are concerns with intellectual property theft.
High-Skilled Workers
The Biden administration will need to navigate three regulations aimed at restricting use of the H-1B visa category, all of which are or will be subject to litigation. Several changes sought by President Trump, such as an increase in H-1B wage levels, restrictions on third-party placement of H-1B workers, and prioritization of H-1B visas based on wage levels, may find some support within a Biden administration. There will be less hostility towards foreign workers already in the system, but companies should expect an ongoing focus on U.S. worker protections and scrutiny of any work visa scenario that could result in the displacement of U.S. workers.
Travel Bans
Biden has promised to reverse the ban on travel from Muslim-majority countries on Day 1 and has suggested that he would also lift the work visa ban. The administration will face pressure to rescind all of the Trump bans that have kept families apart and are not based on public health concerns. Whether the administration would lift the COVID-19 physical presence bans, which have no expiration date and are in effect until the President terminates them, will likely depend on conditions in those countries.
Lame Duck: What will the Trump administration do between now and inauguration in January?
We expect the administration to make every effort to ensure that the Department of Labor wage rule and Department of Homeland Security H-1B eligibility and lottery rules are in place by March 2021 for cap season. The administration may also attempt to move forward on rescinding H-4 work authorization eligibility, imposing restrictions on F-1 Optional Practical Training, and narrowing eligibility for L-1 visas.
The Trump administration will likely keep in place the COVID-19 physical presence bans and extend the work-visa and immigrant-visa travel bans that are set to expire Dec. 31, so that they remain effective when Biden takes office.
Legislative Landscape: Will Congress enact immigration reform in 2021?
As a candidate, Joe Biden promised to pursue immigration reform legislation and has said he will send legislation to Congress in the first week. Biden’s legislative platform includes increasing employment-based green card numbers and eliminating per-country caps. However, the plan also says, “An immigration system that crowds out high-skilled workers in favor of only entry level wages and skills threatens American innovation and competitiveness.” While he supports expanding temporary work visas, Biden also favors a “wage-based allocation process.” His plan suggests that he would only support raising the number of work visas or eliminating per-country caps after establishing the wage-based allocation process.
Biden will likely begin his presidency with a divided government, with Democrats controlling the U.S. House of Representatives and Republicans holding the Senate. If Democrats control the Senate after the Georgia runoff elections, it will be by a narrow margin. Should Sen. Chuck Grassley (R-IA) chair the Senate Judiciary Committee, the administration will face extensive oversight and opposition to its immigration agenda. This means companies should prepare for the majority of policy changes to continue to come from the executive branch (i.e. the President and federal government agencies).
Attachment 1764
Source: BAL Government Strategies